1. Event (A): Senior students ragged junior students.

    Event (B): Senior students were suspended.

   Options:

   (1) if ‘A’ is the effect and ‘B’ is its immediate and principal cause.

   (2) if ‘A’ is the immediate and principal cause and ‘B’ is its effect.

   (3) if ‘A’ is an effect but ‘B’ is not its immediate and principal  cause.

   (4) if ‘B’ is an effect but ‘A’ is not its immediate and principal  cause.

   (5) None of these

2. Event (A): India has been categorized as one of the flawed democracies in the world.

    Event (B): India is the largest democratic country in the world.

   Options:

   (1) if ‘A’ is the effect and ‘B’ is its immediate and principal cause.

   (2) if ‘A’ is the immediate and principal cause and ‘B’ is its effect.

   (3) if ‘A’ is an effect but ‘B’ is not its immediate and principal  cause.

   (4) if ‘B’ is an effect but ‘A’ is not its immediate and principal  cause.

   (5) None of these

3. Statement (A): An earthquake of magnitude 8.2 rocked the islands of Maldives.

    Statement (B): A devastating Tsunami struck the coastal belt of Maldives.

   Options:

   Mark answer (1) if statement (A) is the cause and statement (B) is its effect.

   Mark answer (2) if statement (B) is the cause and statement (A) is its effect.

   Mark answer (3) if both the statements (A) and (B) are independent causes.

   Mark answer (4) if both the statements (A) and (B) are effects of independent causes.

   Mark answer (5) if both the statements are effects of some common cause.

4. Statement (A): The Greenland ice cap is melting so quickly that pieces of ice which are several cubic
    kilometres in size are breaking off.

    Statement (B): Greenland is prone to earth quakes.

    Options:

    Mark answer (1) if statement (A) is the cause and statement (B) is its effect.

    Mark answer (2) if statement (B) is the cause and statement (A) is its effect.

    Mark answer (3) if both the statements (A) and (B) are independent causes.

    Mark answer (4) if both the statements (A) and (B) are effects of independent causes.

    Mark answer (5) if both the statements are effects of some common cause.

5. Statement (A): A disease called conjunctivitis (also called Madras eye) prevailed in the state of
    Andhra Pradesh where one in every five people were effected.

    Statement (B): A large number of people from Madras migrated to Andhra Pradesh.

   Options:

   Mark answer (1) if statement (A) is the cause and statement (B) is its effect.

   Mark answer (2) if statement (B) is the cause and statement (A) is its effect.

   Mark answer (3) if both the statements (A) and (B) are independent causes.

   Mark answer (4) if both the statements (A) and (B) are effects of independent causes.

   Mark answer (5) if both the statements are effects of some common cause.

Answer & Explanations

1. Option(2).

   Exp: Event (A) and (B) are related. Chronologically (A) occurs before (B). Ragging of junior students is
   the immediate and principal cause for the suspension of the senior students.

2. Option(5)

   Exp: Being the largest democratic country in the world is not the reason for being categorized as
   flawed democracy.

3. (1). Exp: It is known that earthquake leads to Tsunami. Hence, A is the cause and B is its effect.

4. (1). Exp: When pieces of ice which are several cubic kilometres in size break they will cause
    earthquakes. So, (A) is the cause and (B) is its effect.

5. (4). Exp: The disease has no relation with people of Madras. Hence, (A) and (B) are effects of
    independent causes.