Number System is about the most important subject in quantitative aptitude. A number system is a system of writing for expressing numbers. It is the mathematical notation for indicating numbers of a given set by using numerals in a constant manner. It represents the arithmetic and algebraic structure of the figures and provides provides a unique representation to every number. It also allows us to operate arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

Quantitative Aptitude

Number System-Number System- Keynotes

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Number System  Aptitude basics, practice questions, answers and explanations 
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Number Systems

 

When we consider a number in a decimal system we can divide it into units, tens, hundreds, one tenth, one hundredth etc. For example the numeral 572.65 can be written as (5*102) + (7*101) + (2*100) + (6*10-1) + (5*10-2).

We say that “10” is the base of the number system.

 

Base

The number which decides the place value of a symbol or a digit in a number.  Alternatively, it is the number of distinct symbols that are used in that system. The base should be a positive integer other than 1. If N is any integer, r is the base of the system and a0, a1, a2… an be the digits required to present N, then

N= anrn+an-1rn-1+ ……. +a1r+a0, where 0≤ai≤r-1

Eg: (i) (143)5 = 1*52 + 4*51 + 3*50 = 48

(ii) (1101)2 = 1*23 + 1*22 + 0*21 + 1*20 = 13.

Note:  The subscript indicates the base. In the above examples 5 and 2 are bases. We can also represent fractions in other bases. For example (0.572)8 = 5*1/8 + 7*1/82 + 2*1/83.

The following table lists some number systems along with their base and symbols.


A=10, B=11, C=12, D=13, E=14, F=15, some books denote ten as “E” and eleven as “e”.

The conversion of a number from one base to the other and the arithmetic operations involving bases other than 10 are discussed in worked out examples.

We need to remember the elementary rules while adding binary numbers.


1.Convert (216.42)8 into base 10.

Sol. (216.45)8 = 2*82 +1*81 + 6*80 + 4*8-1 + 2*8-2

= 128+8+6+ ½ + 1/32 = (142.53125)10

 

2.Convert (1101.11)2 into base 10.

Sol. (1101.11)2 = 1*23 + 1*22 + 0*21 + 1*20 + 1*2-1 + 1*2-2

= 8+4+1+ ½ + ¼ = (13.75)10

 

3.Convert (456)10 into base 8.



4.Convert (27)10 into base 2.



Thus (27)10  =(11011)2

 

5.Find (1100101)2 + (110)2

 


 

6.Find (101110)2 + (111011)2

Number System is about the most important subject in quantitative aptitude. A number system is a system of writing for expressing numbers. It is the mathematical notation for indicating numbers of a given set by using numerals in a constant manner. It represents the arithmetic and algebraic structure of the figures and provides provides a unique representation to every number. It also allows us to operate arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Freshersworld provides students or job seekers with the tricks and shortcuts to solve the problems related to number system. Number system-aptitude preparation questions and answers for placements is also provided which would help candidates in getting jobs easily. What are the four types of number system? Decimal number system (Base- 10) Binary number system (Base- 2) Octal number system (Base-8) Hexadecimal number system How many types of number are there? Natural Numbers Whole Numbers Integers Rational Numbers
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